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Controlling persistent organic pollutants–what next?

Identifieur interne : 006511 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 006510; suivant : 006512

Controlling persistent organic pollutants–what next?

Auteurs : Harry W. Vallack [Royaume-Uni] ; Dick J. Bakker [Pays-Bas] ; Ingvar Brandt [Suède] ; Eva Broström-Lundén [Suède] ; Abraham Brouwer [Pays-Bas] ; Keith R. Bull [Royaume-Uni] ; Clair Gough [Italie] ; Ramon Guardans [Espagne] ; Ivan Holoubek [République tchèque] ; Bo Jansson [Suède] ; Rainer Koch [Allemagne] ; Johan Kuylenstierna [Royaume-Uni] ; André Lecloux [Belgique] ; Donald Mackay [Canada] ; Patrick Mccutcheon [Belgique] ; Paolo Mocarelli [Italie] ; Rob D. F. Taalman [Belgique]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:509CD769B4D172D70ABEC56F522E99C6BB415618

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: Within the context of current international initiatives on the control of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an overview is given of the scientific knowledge relating to POP sources, emissions, transport, fate and effects. At the regional scale, improvements in mass balance models for well-characterised POPs are resulting in an ability to estimate their environmental concentrations with sufficient accuracy to be of help for some regulatory purposes. The relevance of the parameters used to define POPs within these international initiatives is considered with an emphasis on mechanisms for adding new substances to the initial lists. A tiered approach is proposed for screening the large number of untested chemical substances according to their long-range transport potential, persistence and bioaccumulative potential prior to more detailed risk assessments. The importance of testing candidate POPs for chronic toxicity (i.e. for immunotoxicity, endocrine disruption and carcinogenicity) is emphasised as is a need for the further development of relevant SAR (structure activity relationship) models and in vitro and in vivo tests for these effects. Where there is a high level of uncertainty at the risk assessment stage, decision-makers may have to rely on expert judgement and weight-of-evidence, taking into account the precautionary principle and the views of relevant stake-holders. Close co-operation between the various international initiatives on POPs will be required to ensure that assessment criteria and procedures are as compatible as possible.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S1382-6689(98)00036-2


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

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<term>Chronic toxicity</term>
<term>Endocrine disruption</term>
<term>Global distillation</term>
<term>Immunotoxicity</term>
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<term>Persistence</term>
<term>Persistent organic pollutants</term>
<term>Risk assessment</term>
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<term>Adrenal zona fasciculata</term>
<term>Adrenocortical toxicity</term>
<term>Adverse consequences</term>
<term>Adverse effects</term>
<term>Ambio</term>
<term>Annex</term>
<term>Annual cycle</term>
<term>Antarctic</term>
<term>Appl</term>
<term>Aquatic</term>
<term>Aquatic food chain</term>
<term>Arctic</term>
<term>Arctic aerosol</term>
<term>Arctic lake sediments</term>
<term>Arctic marine food chains</term>
<term>Arctic ocean</term>
<term>Arctic quebec</term>
<term>Assay</term>
<term>Assessment criteria</term>
<term>Assessment foundation</term>
<term>Assessment process</term>
<term>Assessment programme</term>
<term>Atmos</term>
<term>Atmospheric residence time</term>
<term>Atmospheric transport</term>
<term>Baikal seals</term>
<term>Barrie</term>
<term>Base year</term>
<term>Beluga</term>
<term>Beluga whales</term>
<term>Bergman</term>
<term>Bidleman</term>
<term>Binding instrument</term>
<term>Bioaccumulation</term>
<term>Bioaccumulation factor</term>
<term>Bioconcentration factor</term>
<term>Biotic persistence</term>
<term>Biphenyls</term>
<term>Body burdens</term>
<term>Bottlenose dolphins</term>
<term>Breast cancer</term>
<term>Breast milk</term>
<term>Brouwer</term>
<term>Cancer inst</term>
<term>Certain organochlorines</term>
<term>Chemical immunotoxicity</term>
<term>Chemical properties</term>
<term>Chemical safety</term>
<term>Chemical substances</term>
<term>Chlordane</term>
<term>Chlorinated</term>
<term>Chlorinated benzenes</term>
<term>Chlorinated dioxins</term>
<term>Chlorinated hydrocarbons</term>
<term>Chlorine substitution</term>
<term>Chronic effects</term>
<term>Chronic exposure</term>
<term>Chronic toxicity</term>
<term>Clrtap</term>
<term>Clrtap protocol</term>
<term>Colborn</term>
<term>Cold condensation</term>
<term>Columbia river</term>
<term>Combustion processes</term>
<term>Common seal</term>
<term>Compound</term>
<term>Congener</term>
<term>Contam</term>
<term>Contaminant</term>
<term>Cooler conditions</term>
<term>Council decision</term>
<term>Critical limits</term>
<term>Current knowledge</term>
<term>Degradation</term>
<term>Degradation rate</term>
<term>Delphinapterus leucas</term>
<term>Deposition</term>
<term>Deposition rates</term>
<term>Developmental neurotoxicity</term>
<term>Dewailly</term>
<term>Dietary intake</term>
<term>Different congeners</term>
<term>Different levels</term>
<term>Different regions</term>
<term>Different species</term>
<term>Dioxin</term>
<term>Disease vector control</term>
<term>Disrupters</term>
<term>Dolphin</term>
<term>Dos</term>
<term>Draft protocol</term>
<term>Dutch infants</term>
<term>Economic commission</term>
<term>Ecosystem</term>
<term>Effect relationship</term>
<term>Effects assessment</term>
<term>Electrical equipment</term>
<term>Elsevier science</term>
<term>Embryo mortality</term>
<term>Emission data</term>
<term>Emission estimates</term>
<term>Emission inventories</term>
<term>Emission rates</term>
<term>Emission reductions</term>
<term>Emission sources</term>
<term>Emwat workshop</term>
<term>En6ironmental</term>
<term>En6ironmental toxicology</term>
<term>Endocrine</term>
<term>Endocrine disrupters</term>
<term>Endocrine disruption</term>
<term>Endocrine modulators</term>
<term>Endocrine system</term>
<term>Endocrine systems</term>
<term>Endpoint</term>
<term>Environ</term>
<term>Environmental</term>
<term>Environmental assessment</term>
<term>Environmental compartments</term>
<term>Environmental concentrations</term>
<term>Environmental contaminants</term>
<term>Environmental exposure</term>
<term>Environmental fate</term>
<term>Environmental policy</term>
<term>Environmental toxicology</term>
<term>Environmental xenoestrogens</term>
<term>Enzyme induction</term>
<term>Eriksson</term>
<term>Esbjerg declaration</term>
<term>Estrogen</term>
<term>Estrogen breast cancer</term>
<term>Estrogen receptor</term>
<term>Estrogenic</term>
<term>European chemical industry council</term>
<term>European commission</term>
<term>European communities</term>
<term>European emission inventory</term>
<term>European mink</term>
<term>European training</term>
<term>Executive body</term>
<term>Executive body decision</term>
<term>Experimental animal data</term>
<term>Experimental animals</term>
<term>Expert judgement</term>
<term>Food chain</term>
<term>Food chains</term>
<term>Full range</term>
<term>Functional development</term>
<term>Further development</term>
<term>Further evidence</term>
<term>Further research</term>
<term>Future development</term>
<term>Gaseous form</term>
<term>General risk assessment scheme</term>
<term>Geographical distribution</term>
<term>Global</term>
<term>Global chemical fate</term>
<term>Global convention</term>
<term>Global distillation</term>
<term>Global distribution</term>
<term>Global distribution model</term>
<term>Global effect</term>
<term>Global fractionation</term>
<term>Global hypothesis</term>
<term>Global scale</term>
<term>Great lakes</term>
<term>Half lives</term>
<term>Harbour</term>
<term>Harbour seals</term>
<term>Hazard strategy</term>
<term>Hazardous substances</term>
<term>Health effects</term>
<term>Health perspec</term>
<term>Health perspect</term>
<term>Heavy metals</term>
<term>High concentrations</term>
<term>High incidence</term>
<term>High levels</term>
<term>Higher latitudes</term>
<term>Higher levels</term>
<term>Hormonal changes</term>
<term>Human health</term>
<term>Human infants</term>
<term>Human milk</term>
<term>Human populations</term>
<term>Human tissues</term>
<term>Hydrocarbon</term>
<term>Hydroxy pcbs</term>
<term>Ifc</term>
<term>Ifcs expert meeting</term>
<term>Immune</term>
<term>Immune dysfunction</term>
<term>Immune function</term>
<term>Immune response</term>
<term>Immune responses</term>
<term>Immune system</term>
<term>Immune system function</term>
<term>Immune systems</term>
<term>Immunotoxic effects</term>
<term>Immunotoxicity</term>
<term>Impairment</term>
<term>Important parameters</term>
<term>Important source</term>
<term>Incineration technology</term>
<term>Industrialised countries</term>
<term>Initial inclusion</term>
<term>Initial list</term>
<term>Intellectual impairment</term>
<term>Interactive effects</term>
<term>Intercellular communication</term>
<term>Intergovernmental forum</term>
<term>International action</term>
<term>International conference</term>
<term>International initiatives</term>
<term>International symposium</term>
<term>Intrinsic properties</term>
<term>Inuit</term>
<term>Jacobson</term>
<term>Laboratory experiments</term>
<term>Laboratory studies</term>
<term>Lactational exposure</term>
<term>Lake michigan</term>
<term>Lake trout</term>
<term>Large amounts</term>
<term>Large number</term>
<term>Lawrence beluga whales</term>
<term>Lawrence estuary</term>
<term>Lund</term>
<term>Mackay</term>
<term>Major source</term>
<term>Malaria control</term>
<term>Mammal</term>
<term>Many companies</term>
<term>Many countries</term>
<term>Marine environment</term>
<term>Marine mammals</term>
<term>Mass balance models</term>
<term>Member countries</term>
<term>Metabolic degradation</term>
<term>Metabolism</term>
<term>Mobile sources</term>
<term>Monitoring data</term>
<term>Muir</term>
<term>Mustela 6ision</term>
<term>Natural killer cells</term>
<term>Natural step</term>
<term>Nature lond</term>
<term>Neurological condition</term>
<term>Northern spain</term>
<term>Organic compounds</term>
<term>Organochlorine</term>
<term>Organochlorine chemicals</term>
<term>Organochlorine contaminants</term>
<term>Organochlorine levels</term>
<term>Organochlorine pesticides</term>
<term>Organochlorines</term>
<term>Organohalogen</term>
<term>Organohalogen compounds</term>
<term>Osterhaus</term>
<term>Other evidence</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Other organochlorines</term>
<term>Other words</term>
<term>Overall persistence</term>
<term>Pahs</term>
<term>Parent compounds</term>
<term>Parent pcbs</term>
<term>Particle phases</term>
<term>Particular ecosystem</term>
<term>Particulate matter</term>
<term>Partitioning</term>
<term>Pathway</term>
<term>Pbts</term>
<term>Pcbs</term>
<term>Pcdds</term>
<term>Pcdfs</term>
<term>Perinatal exposure</term>
<term>Persistent changes</term>
<term>Persistent organochlorines</term>
<term>Persistent substances</term>
<term>Perspect</term>
<term>Pesticide</term>
<term>Pharmacol</term>
<term>Pharmacology</term>
<term>Phoca 6itulina</term>
<term>Polar regions</term>
<term>Pollutant</term>
<term>Polychlorinated</term>
<term>Polychlorinated biphenyls</term>
<term>Possible congeners</term>
<term>Post partum</term>
<term>Postnatal exposure</term>
<term>Potential effects</term>
<term>Precautionary principle</term>
<term>Preliminary results</term>
<term>Prenatal exposure</term>
<term>Princeton publishing</term>
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<term>Programme</term>
<term>Protection agency</term>
<term>Protocol</term>
<term>Public awareness</term>
<term>Public interest groups</term>
<term>Recent years</term>
<term>Receptor</term>
<term>Regional scale</term>
<term>Regulatory purposes</term>
<term>Reijnders</term>
<term>Relevant endpoints</term>
<term>Remote regions</term>
<term>Reproductive</term>
<term>Reproductive failure</term>
<term>Residence time</term>
<term>Responsible care</term>
<term>Risk assessment</term>
<term>Risk assessment purposes</term>
<term>Risk assessment stage</term>
<term>Risk assessments</term>
<term>Russian federation</term>
<term>Same species</term>
<term>Scarce resources</term>
<term>Seasonal temperature changes</term>
<term>Second week</term>
<term>Several organochlorine pesticides</term>
<term>Several organochlorines</term>
<term>Seveso accident</term>
<term>Single dose</term>
<term>Social council</term>
<term>Sound management</term>
<term>Sound manner</term>
<term>Source category</term>
<term>Southern ontario</term>
<term>Spatial trends</term>
<term>Striped dolphins</term>
<term>Structure activity relationship</term>
<term>System conditions</term>
<term>Target cells</term>
<term>Task force</term>
<term>Technol</term>
<term>Temperate regions</term>
<term>Temporal trends</term>
<term>Terrestrial ecosystems</term>
<term>Test methods</term>
<term>Test procedures</term>
<term>Test systems</term>
<term>Thyroid hormone</term>
<term>Thyroid hormone system</term>
<term>Thyroid hormones</term>
<term>Toxaphene</term>
<term>Toxic</term>
<term>Toxic potency</term>
<term>Toxic substances</term>
<term>Toxicity</term>
<term>Toxicol</term>
<term>Toxicology</term>
<term>Traditional diet</term>
<term>Transboundary</term>
<term>Transplacental exposure</term>
<term>Tropical climates</term>
<term>Tumour</term>
<term>Unep</term>
<term>Unep meeting</term>
<term>Untested chemical substances</term>
<term>Utero</term>
<term>Utero exposure</term>
<term>Vallack</term>
<term>Vapour</term>
<term>Vapour phase</term>
<term>Vapour pressure</term>
<term>Vapour pressures</term>
<term>Vivo</term>
<term>Vivo tests</term>
<term>Volatility</term>
<term>Wania</term>
<term>Water solubility</term>
<term>Whale</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wood preservation</term>
<term>World resources institute</term>
<term>Zona fasciculata cells</term>
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<language ident="en">en</language>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Within the context of current international initiatives on the control of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an overview is given of the scientific knowledge relating to POP sources, emissions, transport, fate and effects. At the regional scale, improvements in mass balance models for well-characterised POPs are resulting in an ability to estimate their environmental concentrations with sufficient accuracy to be of help for some regulatory purposes. The relevance of the parameters used to define POPs within these international initiatives is considered with an emphasis on mechanisms for adding new substances to the initial lists. A tiered approach is proposed for screening the large number of untested chemical substances according to their long-range transport potential, persistence and bioaccumulative potential prior to more detailed risk assessments. The importance of testing candidate POPs for chronic toxicity (i.e. for immunotoxicity, endocrine disruption and carcinogenicity) is emphasised as is a need for the further development of relevant SAR (structure activity relationship) models and in vitro and in vivo tests for these effects. Where there is a high level of uncertainty at the risk assessment stage, decision-makers may have to rely on expert judgement and weight-of-evidence, taking into account the precautionary principle and the views of relevant stake-holders. Close co-operation between the various international initiatives on POPs will be required to ensure that assessment criteria and procedures are as compatible as possible.</div>
</front>
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<li>Canada</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Pays-Bas</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>République tchèque</li>
<li>Suède</li>
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<li>Communauté de Madrid</li>
<li>Moravie</li>
<li>Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</li>
<li>Svealand</li>
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<settlement>
<li>Brno</li>
<li>Bruxelles</li>
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<li>Stockholm</li>
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<li>Université de Stockholm</li>
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<name sortKey="Brandt, Ingvar" sort="Brandt, Ingvar" uniqKey="Brandt I" first="Ingvar" last="Brandt">Ingvar Brandt</name>
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<name sortKey="Jansson, Bo" sort="Jansson, Bo" uniqKey="Jansson B" first="Bo" last="Jansson">Bo Jansson</name>
</country>
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<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Gough, Clair" sort="Gough, Clair" uniqKey="Gough C" first="Clair" last="Gough">Clair Gough</name>
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<name sortKey="Mocarelli, Paolo" sort="Mocarelli, Paolo" uniqKey="Mocarelli P" first="Paolo" last="Mocarelli">Paolo Mocarelli</name>
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<region name="Communauté de Madrid">
<name sortKey="Guardans, Ramon" sort="Guardans, Ramon" uniqKey="Guardans R" first="Ramon" last="Guardans">Ramon Guardans</name>
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</country>
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<region name="Moravie">
<name sortKey="Holoubek, Ivan" sort="Holoubek, Ivan" uniqKey="Holoubek I" first="Ivan" last="Holoubek">Ivan Holoubek</name>
</region>
</country>
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<name sortKey="Koch, Rainer" sort="Koch, Rainer" uniqKey="Koch R" first="Rainer" last="Koch">Rainer Koch</name>
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</country>
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<region name="Région de Bruxelles-Capitale">
<name sortKey="Lecloux, Andre" sort="Lecloux, Andre" uniqKey="Lecloux A" first="André" last="Lecloux">André Lecloux</name>
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<name sortKey="Taalman, Rob D F" sort="Taalman, Rob D F" uniqKey="Taalman R" first="Rob D. F." last="Taalman">Rob D. F. Taalman</name>
</country>
<country name="Canada">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Mackay, Donald" sort="Mackay, Donald" uniqKey="Mackay D" first="Donald" last="Mackay">Donald Mackay</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
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</record>

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